Gingivitis and Periodontitis

Gum disease is the most common oral health problem worldwide. Gum disease is also known as periodontal disease, which is an inflammation caused by bacterial infestation in the mouth, specifically around the tooth and along the gum lines. It is estimated that approximately 3 out of every 4 American adults have gingivitis. Gingivitis is the earliest form of gum disease, and it can be preventable. There are generally four stages to gum disease, and if left untreated, it can lead to periodontitis.

Gingivitis and Periodontitis

Stage 1: Inflammation or swollen gums that may bleed
Stage 2: Early periodontitis, slight loss of bone, and structural support of the teeth
Stage 3: Moderate periodontitis, bone and tissue damage, and loss of teeth
Stage 4: Advanced periodontitis, extensive treatment acquired

• Gingivitis is caused by plaque buildup on teeth.
• Plaques that are not properly removed will result in inflammation.
• Gingivitis symptoms include irritation and swollen gums.
• Bleeding may occur when brushing or flossing.
• Health implications include receding gums, damage to bone, connective tissues.
• Gingivitis can be treated and prevented.
• Periodontitis is not reversible.
• Chronic conditions may be long-term and need help from dental professionals.